Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

Access Criminology and Criminal Justice journals now

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
Theoretical Criminology
This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Web of Science (2)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Zedner, L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

Pre-crime and post-criminology?

Lucia Zedner

University of Oxford, UK

Conventionally, crime is regarded principally as harm or wrong and the dominant ordering practices arise post hoc. In the emerging pre-crime society, crime is conceived essentially as risk or potential loss, ordering practices are pre-emptive and security is a commodity sold for profit. Though this dichotomy oversimplifies a more complex set of changes, it captures an important temporal shift. As the intellectual offspring of the post-crime society, criminology must adapt to meet the challenges of pre-crime and security. This article examines the key features a theory of security needs to encompass. It explores the immanent capacities of criminology for change and suggests exterior intellectual resources upon which it might draw. It concludes that the pre-crime society need not be a post-criminological one.

Key Words: crime prevention • criminal justice • criminology • fortress continents • risk • security

References

  • Abbott, A. (2000) Chaos of Disciplines. Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.
  • Bauman, Z. (1998) Globalization: The Human Consequences. Cambridge: Polity.
  • Bayley, D. and C. Shearing (1996) `The Future of Policing', Law and Society Review 30(3): 585—606.[CrossRef]
  • Becker, G. (1968) `Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach', Journal of Political Economy 76(2): 169—217.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Booth, K. (1991) `Security and Emancipation', Review of International Studies 17(4): 313—26.
  • Braithwaite, J. (1998) `Reducing the Crime Problem: A Not So Dismal Criminology? ', in P. Walton and J. Young (eds) The New Criminology Revisited, pp. 47—63. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
  • Braithwaite, J. (2000a) `The New Regulatory State and the Transformation of Criminology', in D. Garland and R. Sparks (eds) Criminology and Social Theory, pp. 47—69. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Braithwaite, J. (2000b) `Republican Theory and Crime Control', in S. Karstedt and K.-D. Bussman (eds) Social Dynamics of Crime and Control , pp. 87—103. Oxford: Hart Publishing .
  • Braithwaite, J. (2005) `For Public Social Science', British Journal of Sociology 56(3): 345—53.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Burawoy, M. (2005) `For Public Sociology', British Journal of Sociology 56(2): 259—94.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Christie, N. (1994) Crime Control as Industry. London: Routledge.
  • Clarke, R. (1995) `Situational Crime Prevention', in N. Morris (ed.) Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research, vol. 19, pp. 91—150. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago.
  • Coase, R. (1974) `The Lighthouse in Economics', Journal of Law and Economics 17(2): 357—76.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Cohen, S. (2001) States of Denial: Knowing about Atrocities and Suffering. Cambridge: Polity Press .
  • Crawford, A. (1998) Crime Prevention and Community Safety: Politics, Policies, and Practices. London: Longman.
  • Crawford, A. (ed.) (2002) Crime and Insecurity: the Governance of Safety in Europe. Cullompton , Devon: Willan Publishing.
  • Crawford, A. (2003) `"Contractual Governance" of Deviant Behaviour', Journal of Law and Society 30(4): 479—505.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Crawford, A. (2006) `Policing and Security as "Club Goods": The New Enclosures?', in J. Wood and B. Dupont (eds) Democracy and the Governance of Security, pp. 111—38. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Crawford, A. and S. Lister (2004) `The Patchwork Shape of Reassurance Policing in England and Wales', Policing 27(3): 413—30.
  • Deflem, M. (ed.) (2004) Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism: Criminological Perspectives. Amsterdam : Elsevier.
  • Dick, P.K. (2002) Minority Report. London: Gollancz.
  • Dinwiddy, J. (1978) `The Classical Economists and the Utilitarians ', in E. K. Bramsted and K.J. Melhuish (eds) Western Liberalism: A History in Documents from Locke to Croce, pp. 12—25. London: Longman.
  • Downes, D. and P. Rock (2003) Understanding Deviance. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
  • Duff, R.A. (1986) Trials and Punishments. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
  • Ericson, R. (2003) `The Culture and Power of Criminological Research' , in L. Zedner and A. Ashworth (eds) The Criminological Foundations of Penal Policy, pp. 31—78. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Ericson, R. and K. Haggerty (1997) Policing the Risk Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Ericson, R. and N. Stehr (eds) (2000) Governing Modern Societies. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Ericson, R., A. Doyle and D. Barry (2003) Insurance as Governance. Toronto : University of Toronto Press.
  • Feeley, M. (2002) `Entrepreneurs of Punishment: The Legacy of Privatization ', Punishment and Society 4(3): 321—44.[CrossRef]
  • Feeley, M. (2004) `Actuarial Justice and the Modern State', in B. Bruinsma, H. Elffers and J. de Keijser (eds) Punishment, Places, and Perpetrators, pp. 62—77. Cullompton, Devon: Willan.
  • Feeley, M. and J. Simon (1994) `Actuarial Justice: The Emerging New Criminal Law' , in D. Nelken (ed.) The Futures of Criminology, pp. 173—201. London: Sage.
  • Felson, M. (2002) Crime and Everyday Life. London : Sage.
  • Felson, M. and R.V. Clarke (1998) Opportunity Makes the Thief: Practical Theory for Crime Prevention. Police Research Series No. 98. London : Home Office. Freedman, L. (1992) `The Concept of Security', in M. Hawkesworth and M. Kogan (eds) Encyclopedia of Government and Politics, vol. 2, pp. 730—41. London: Routledge .
  • Garland, D. (2001) The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Goold, B.J. (2004) CCTV and Policing: Public Area Surveillance and Police Practices in Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Gramsci, A. (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks. Ed. and trans. Q. Hoar and G. Nowell Smith London: Lawrence & Wishart.
  • Harcourt, B. (2003) `The Shaping of Chance: Actuarial Models and Criminal Profiling at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century', University of Chicago Law Review 70(105): 105—28.[Web of Science]
  • Hobbs, D., S. Winlow, S. Lister and P. Hadfield (2003) Bouncers: Violence and Governance in the Night time Economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hope, T. (2000) `Inequality and the Clubbing of Private Security ', in T. Hope and R. Sparks (eds) Crime, Risk and Insecurity, pp. 83—106. London: Routledge.
  • Hudson, B. (2003) Justice in the Risk Society. London: Sage.
  • Innes, M. (2004) `Reinventing Tradition? Reassurance, Neighbourhood Security and Policing', Criminal Justice 4(2): 151—71.[Abstract]
  • Johnston, L. and C. Shearing (2003) Governing Security: Explorations in Policing and Justice. London: Routledge.
  • Jones, T. and T. Newburn (1998) Private Security and Public Policing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Jones, T. and T. Newburn (2002) `The Transformation of Policing? Understanding Current Trends in Policing Systems', British Journal of Criminology 42(1): 129—46.[Abstract]
  • Kelly, P.J. (1990) Utilitarianism and Distributive Justice. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Krause, K. and M.C. Williams (eds) (1997) Critical Security Studies: Cases and Concepts. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Lacey, N. (forthcoming) `Crime, Responsibility and Institutional Design', in M. Smith, G. Brennan and R.E. Goodin (eds) Common Minds: Essays for Philip Pettit. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Lister, S., P. Hadfield, D. Hobbs and S. Winlow (2001) `Accounting for Bouncers: Occupational Licensing As a Mechanism for Regulation', Criminal Justice 1(4): 363—84.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Loader, I. (1997) `Thinking Normatively about Private Security', Journal of Law and Society 24(5): 377—94.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Loader, I. (1998) `Criminology and the Public Sphere: Arguments for Utopian Realism', in P. Walton and J. Young (eds) The New Criminology Revisited, pp. 190—212. London: MacMillan .
  • Loader, I. (2002) `Policing, Securitization and Democracy in Europe ', Criminal Justice 2(2): 125—53.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Loader, I. and R. Sparks (2002) `Contemporary Landscapes of Crime, Order, and Control: Governance, Risk, and Globalization', in M. Maguire, R. Morgan and R. Reiner (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Criminology , pp. 83—111. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Loader, I. and N. Walker (2005) `Necessary Virtues: The Legitimate Place of the State in the Production of Security', in B. Dupont and J. Wood (eds) Democracy, Society and the Governance of Security, pp. 165—95. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Loader, I. and N. Walker (2007) Civilizing Security. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
  • Lyon, D. (2001) Surveillance Society: Monitoring Everyday Life . Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
  • McMullen, J. (1998) `The Arresting Eye: Discourse, Surveillance and Disciplinary Administration in Early English Police Thinking', Social and Legal Studies 7(1): 97—128.[CrossRef]
  • Marx, G.T. (2001) `Murky Conceptual Waters: The Public and the Private ', Ethics and Information Technology 3(3): 157—69.[CrossRef]
  • New, C. ( 1992) `Time and Punishment', Analysis 52: 35—40.[Free Full Text]
  • Norris, C. and G. Armstrong (1999) The Maximum Surveillance Society: The Rise of CCTV . Oxford: Berg.
  • Nozick, R. (1974) Anarchy, State and Utopia. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • O'Malley, P. (1992) `Risk, Power, and Crime Prevention', Economy and Society 21(3): 252—75.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • O'Malley, P. (2001) `Risk, Crime and Prudentialism Revisited', in K. Stenson and R.R. Sullivan (eds) Crime, Risk and Justice: The Politics of Crime Control in Liberal Democracies, pp. 89—103. Cullompton , Devon: Willan Publishing.
  • O'Malley, P. (2004) Risk, Uncertainty and Government. London: The Glasshouse Press.
  • Rawls, J. (1973) A Theory of Justice. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
  • Reiner, R. (2006) `Beyond Risk: A Lament for Social Democratic Criminology ', in T. Newburn and P. Rock (eds) The Politics of Crime Control: Essays in Honour of David Downes, pp. 7—50. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Rigakos, G.S. (2002) The New Parapolice: Risk Markets and Commodified Social Control. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Rothschild, E. (1995) `What Is Security?', Daedalus 124(3): 53—98.
  • Scott, C. (2004) `Regulation in the Age of Governance: The Rise of the Post-Regulatory State', in J. Jordana and D. Levi-Faur (eds) The Politics of Regulation, pp. 145—74. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Shapland, J. and L. van Outrive (eds) (1999) Policing and Security: Social Control and the Public—Private Divide. Paris: Editions L'Harmattan.
  • Shearing, C. (2001) `Punishment and the Changing Face of Governance' , Punishment and Society 3(2): 203—20.
  • Shearing, C. and L. Johnston (2005) `Justice in the Risk Society', Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology 38(1): 25—38.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Shearing, C. and J. Wood (2003) `Nodal Governance: Democracy, and the New "Denizens "', Journal of Law and Society 30(3): 400—19.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Sheptycki, J. (2002) `Accountability across the Policing Field: Towards a General Cartography of Accountability for Post-Modern Policing', Policing and Society 12(4): 323—38.[CrossRef]
  • Simon, J. (2000) `The "Society of Captives " in the Era of Hyper-Incarceration', Theoretical Criminology 4(3): 285—308.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Smilansky, S. (1994) `The Time to Punish', Analysis 54(1): 50—3.[Free Full Text]
  • Stuntz, W. (2002) `Local Policing after the Terror', Yale Law Journal 111(8): 2137—94.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • UN Commission on Human Security (2003) Human Security Now. New York: United Nations.
  • Valverde, M. (2001) `Governing Security, Governing through Security ', in R. Daniels, P. Macklem and K. Roach (eds) The Security of Freedom: Essays on Canada's Anti-Terrorism Bill, pp. 83—92. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Vick, D. (2004) `Interdisciplinarity and the Discipline of Law ', Journal of Law and Society 31(2): 163—93.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Vindevogel, F. (2005) `Private Security and Urban Crime Mitigation: A Bid for BIDs', Criminal Justice 5(3): 233—55.[Abstract]
  • Von Hirsch, A., D. Garland and A. Wakefield (eds) ( 2000) Ethical and Social Perspectives on Situational Crime Prevention . Oxford: Hart Publishing.
  • Wakefield, A. (2003) Selling Security: The Private Policing of Public Space. Cullompton, Devon: Willan Publishing.
  • Walker, C. (2004) `Terrorism and Criminal Justice: Past, Present and Future', Criminal Law Review 311—27.
  • Walker, N. (2003) `The Pattern of Transnational Policing', in T. Newburn (ed.) Handbook of Policing, pp. 111—35. Cullompton, Devon : Willan Publishing.
  • Williams, J.W. (2005) `Reflections on the Private Versus Public Policing of Economic Crime', British Journal of Criminology 45(3): 316—39.[Abstract]
  • Williams, R. and R. Gable (eds) (1989) Resources of Hope. London: Verso.
  • Wyn-Jones, R. (1999) Security, Strategy, and Critical Theory. London: Lynne Rienner.
  • Young, P. (1992) `On the Importance of Utopias in Criminological Thinking', British Journal of Criminology 32(4): 423—37.[Free Full Text]
  • Zedner, L. (2003a) `The Concept of Security: An Agenda for Comparative Analysis', Legal Studies 23(1): 153—76.[CrossRef]
  • Zedner, L. (2003b) `Too Much Security?', International Journal of the Sociology of Law 31(3): 155—84.[CrossRef]
  • Zedner, L. (2005) `Securing Liberty in the Face of Terror: Reflections from Criminal Justice', Journal of Law and Society 32(4): 507—33.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Zedner, L. (2006a) `Policing Before and After the Police: The Historical Antecedents of Contemporary Crime Control', British Journal of Criminology 46(1): 78—96.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Zedner, L. (2006b) `Opportunity Makes the Thief-Taker: The Influence of Economic Analysis on Crime Control', in T. Newburn and P. Rock (eds) The Politics of Crime Control: Essays in Honour of David Downes, pp. 147—72. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Zedner, L. (2006c) `Liquid Security: Managing the Market for Crime Control', Criminology and Criminal Justice 6(2): 267—88.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Theoretical Criminology, Vol. 11, No. 2, 261-281 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1362480607075851
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Br J CriminolHome page
A. Crawford
Governing Through Anti-social Behaviour: Regulatory Challenges to Criminal Justice
Br. J. Criminol., November 1, 2009; 49(6): 810 - 831.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br J CriminolHome page
J. McCulloch and S. Pickering
Pre-Crime and Counter-Terrorism: Imagining Future Crime in the 'War on Terror'
Br. J. Criminol., September 1, 2009; 49(5): 628 - 645.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br J CriminolHome page
C. Aradau and R. van Munster
Exceptionalism and the 'War on Terror': Criminology Meets International Relations
Br. J. Criminol., September 1, 2009; 49(5): 686 - 701.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br J CriminolHome page
B. Hebenton and T. Seddon
From Dangerousness to Precaution: Managing Sexual and Violent Offenders in an Insecure and Uncertain Age
Br. J. Criminol., May 1, 2009; 49(3): 343 - 362.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 European Journal of CriminologyHome page
D. M. Wood
The `Surveillance Society': Questions of History, Place and Culture
European Journal of Criminology, March 1, 2009; 6(2): 179 - 194.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Br J CriminolHome page
R. Levi
Making Counter-Law: On Having No Apparent Purpose in Chicago
Br. J. Criminol., March 1, 2009; 49(2): 131 - 149.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br J CriminolHome page
T. Seddon, R. Ralphs, and L. Williams
Risk, Security and The 'Criminalization' of British Drug Policy
Br. J. Criminol., November 1, 2008; 48(6): 818 - 834.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PolicingHome page
S. Gilmour
Understanding Organized Crime: A Local Perspective
Policing, January 1, 2008; 2(1): 18 - 27.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Web of Science (2)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Zedner, L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?